RaspiElfKeypad < Cosmac

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The Elf Membership Card has 8 data switches, 3 mode switches, and a IN push button on its front panel. The data is displayed on 8 LEDs (binary). It is a error prone but educational task to "switch in" (load) the program.

I have got an old external keypad because my old notebook did not have any numeric keypad. The keys looks similar to those old Elf hex keypads, why not use this spare keypad for the Elf Membership Card? It is a Cherry keyboard and I have an other Cherry keyboard with the same type of key caps and it was easy to replace the two upper rows with the A to F caps.

See also the RaspiElfDisplay (TIL311 like LED display).
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---+ Hardware

---++ Pics
| %IMAGE{"%PUBURLPATH%/Cosmac/RaspiElfKeypad/gal_2000_G84-4700_2_persp.jpg" type="thumb" caption="Cherry Keypad G84-4700, original key caps"}% \
| %IMAGE{"%PUBURLPATH%/Cosmac/RaspiElfKeypad/hex-keypad.jpg" type="thumb" caption="Hex Keypad"}% \
| %IMAGE{"%PUBURLPATH%/Cosmac/RaspiElfDisplay/keypad-display.jpg" type="thumb" caption="Keypad and display"}% |

---++ elfdisplay (COSMICOS II) Function Keys 
| *Short* | *Mode*         | *Key*    | *Keycode* | *Notes*                                                                                       |
| IN      | Input          | I, [CR]  | 96        | Increment address, in LOAD mode causes the data byte shown to be written to the address shown |
| LD      | Load           | L, +     | 78        | Goes to the LOAD mode. In the LOAD mode goes to the address entry mode                        |
| R/S     | Run/Wait       | R, .     | 83        | Toggles between Run and Wait. R/S is a reminiscence of HP pocket calculators                  | 
| MP      | Memory Protect | M, -     | 74        | Shows data byte from the address shown                                                        |
| SW      | Switch/Keypad  | S, [BS]  | 14        | Toggles between front panel switches and keypad                                               |

The modes are shown in the display by the [[RaspiElfDisplay#Operating_Modes_shown_by_decimal][decimal points]].

---++ Some Other COSMAC Keypads
---+++ RCA COSMAC Microterminal

[[http://www.decodesystems.com/cosmac/mpm-212.pdf][RCA COSMAC Microterminal]]

   $ *R*: Reset: resets the logic of the Microterminal and microprocessor system. Puts the CDP1802 in Reset state.
   $ *RU*: Run Utility: starts execution of the Utility Program (UT5), which is at location 8000.
   $ *RP*: Run Program: starts program execution at location 0000 with R0 as program counter.
   $ *CONT/STEP*: Slide switch to enable continous or single-step operation of the microprocessor system.
   $ %ICON{arrowleft}%%ICON{arrowright}%: Entry Mode Control: this key toggles between the address entry and data entry modes.   
   $ *INC*: Increment Address: each depression increments the address shown in the display. In the data entry mode, it also causes the data byte shown to be written to the address shown before incrementing the address.
   $ *$P*: Start Addressed Program: starts program execution at the location shown in the address display.
   $ *CA*: Clear Address: clears (resets) the address display to 0000.

---+++ QUEST Super Elf

   $ *I*: Input
   $ *L*: Load mode
   $ *R*: Reset
   $ *G*: Go (run mode)
   $ *W*: Wait (processor clock could be stopped)
   $ *M*: enable Monitor ROM
   $ *S*: Single step
   $ *P*: Protect memory 

---+++ Elf 2000

   $ *R*: RESET
   $ *G*: RUN
   $ *L*: LOAD
   $ *M*: MP Memory Protect
   $ *I*: INPUT


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---+ Software for the Raspberry Pi
No special software needed. Keyboard drivers are already built in Raspbian.

Here some ideas if you want to customize your own keypad.

   * Linux Keycode Table http://www.comptechdoc.org/os/linux/howlinuxworks/linux_hlkeycodes.html
   * http://xahlee.info/linux/linux_keyboard_tools.html
   * https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Map_scancodes_to_keycodes

<pre>
pi@cosmac:~/elf/RaspiElf/tools $ <b>$ test-key /dev/input/by-id/usb-046a_0014-event-kbd</b>
Code: 82 0x52, value 1 <em>key 0 pressed</em>
Code: 82 0x52, value 0 <em>key 0 released </em>
Code: 79 0x4f, value 1 <em>key 1 pressed</em>
Code: 79 0x4f, value 0 <em>key 1 released</em>
Code: 80 0x50, value 1 <em>key 2 pressed</em>
Code: 80 0x50, value 0 <em>key 2 released</em>
Code: 81 0x51, value 1 <em>key 3 pressed</em>
Code: 81 0x51, value 0 <em>key 3 released</em>
Code: 75 0x4b, value 1 <em>key 4 pressed</em>
Code: 75 0x4b, value 0 <em>key 4 released</em>
Code: 76 0x4c, value 1 <em>key 5 pressed</em>
Code: 76 0x4c, value 0 <em>key 5 released</em>
^C
</pre>

<pre>
pi@cosmac:~/elf/RaspiElf/tools $ <b>udevadm info /dev/input/by-path/*-usb-*-kbd</b>
P: /devices/platform/soc/3f980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.2/1-1.2:1.0/0003:046A:0014.0002/input/input1/event0
N: input/event0
S: input/by-id/usb-046a_0014-event-kbd
S: input/by-path/platform-3f980000.usb-usb-0:1.2:1.0-event-kbd
E: BACKSPACE=guess
E: DEVLINKS=/dev/input/by-id/usb-046a_0014-event-kbd /dev/input/by-path/platform-3f980000.usb-usb-0:1.2:1.0-event-kbd
E: DEVNAME=/dev/input/event0
E: DEVPATH=/devices/platform/soc/3f980000.usb/usb1/1-1/1-1.2/1-1.2:1.0/0003:046A:0014.0002/input/input1/event0
E: ID_BUS=usb
E: ID_INPUT=1
E: ID_INPUT_KEY=1
E: ID_INPUT_KEYBOARD=1
E: ID_MODEL=<em>0014</em>
E: ID_MODEL_ENC=0014
E: ID_MODEL_ID=0014
E: ID_PATH=platform-3f980000.usb-usb-0:1.2:1.0
E: ID_PATH_TAG=platform-3f980000_usb-usb-0_1_2_1_0
E: ID_REVISION=0100
E: ID_SERIAL=046a_0014
E: ID_TYPE=hid
E: ID_USB_DRIVER=usbhid
E: ID_USB_INTERFACES=:030101:
E: ID_USB_INTERFACE_NUM=00
E: ID_VENDOR=<em>046a</em>
E: ID_VENDOR_ENC=046a
E: ID_VENDOR_ID=046a
E: MAJOR=13
E: MINOR=64
E: SUBSYSTEM=input
E: USEC_INITIALIZED=69042133468
E: XKBLAYOUT=gb
E: XKBMODEL=pc105
</pre>

Mapping scancodes to keycodes is universal and not specific to Linux console or Xorg, which means that changes to this mapping will be effective in both. 

showkey --scancodes

evdev:input:b<bus_id>v<vendor_id>p<product_id>e<version_id>-<modalias>

File =/etc/udev/hwdb.d/10-hexkeypad.hwdb=
<pre>
evdev:input:b*v046ap0014* # ML4700
 KEYBOARD_KEY_45=a  # bind numlock to A
 KEYBOARD_KEY_62=b  # bind /       to B
 KEYBOARD_KEY_37=c  # bind *       to C
 KEYBOARD_KEY_01=d  # bind ESC     to D
 KEYBOARD_KEY_1d=e  # bind Ctrl    to E
 KEYBOARD_KEY_38=f  # bind Alt     to F
</pre>

<pre>
pi@cosmac:~ $ <b>ls -l /dev/input/by-id/</b>
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 May 14 20:23 usb-046a_0014-event-kbd -> ../event0
pi@cosmac:~ $ <b>ls -l /dev/input/by-path/</b>
total 0
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 9 May 14 20:23 platform-3f980000.usb-usb-0:1.4:1.0-event-kbd -> ../event0
pi@cosmac:~ $ <b>ls -l /dev/input/event0</b>
crw-rw---- 1 root input 13, 64 May 14 20:23 /dev/input/event0
</pre>

<pre>
pi@cosmac:~ $ <b>cat /dev/input/event0 | hexdump -C</b>

ESC
00008010  cb d9 f9 5a cc fd 04 00  04 00 04 00 29 00 07 00  |...Z........)...|
00008020  cb d9 f9 5a cc fd 04 00  01 00 <b>01</b> 00 01 00 00 00  |...Z............|
00008030  cb d9 f9 5a cc fd 04 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |...Z............|
00008040  cb d9 f9 5a b8 7a 05 00  04 00 04 00 29 00 07 00  |...Z.z......)...|
00008050  cb d9 f9 5a b8 7a 05 00  01 00 01 00 00 00 00 00  |...Z.z..........|
00008060  cb d9 f9 5a b8 7a 05 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |...Z.z..........|

Ctrl
00008070  cf d9 f9 5a 66 55 06 00  04 00 04 00 e0 00 07 00  |...ZfU..........|
00008080  cf d9 f9 5a 66 55 06 00  01 00 <b>1d</b> 00 01 00 00 00  |...ZfU..........|
00008090  cf d9 f9 5a 66 55 06 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |...ZfU..........|
000080a0  cf d9 f9 5a 94 f1 06 00  04 00 04 00 e0 00 07 00  |...Z............|
000080b0  cf d9 f9 5a 94 f1 06 00  01 00 1d 00 00 00 00 00  |...Z............|
000080c0  cf d9 f9 5a 94 f1 06 00  00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00  |...Z............|
</pre>

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---+ How to get and build the RaspiElf Keypad/Display Software
The =elfdisplay= is part of the RaspiElf tools package. See RaspiElf#How_to_get_and_build_the_RaspiEl


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---+ Sample session
TBC (video)
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-- %USERSIG{PeterSchmid - 2018-05-03}%

---++!! Comments
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Topic attachments
I	Attachment	History	Action	Size	Date	Who
jpg	gal_2000_G84-4700_2_persp.jpg	r1	manage	88.8 K	2018-05-09 - 21:36	PeterSchmid
jpg	hex-keypad-s.jpg	r1	manage	42.7 K	2018-05-20 - 18:42	PeterSchmid
jpg	hex-keypad.jpg	r1	manage	457.2 K	2018-05-16 - 20:00	PeterSchmid
Topic revision: r12 - 2018-12-16 - PeterSchmid